Reliable industrial communication depends on more than choosing the right protocol — it depends on bandwidth, latency, redundancy, and the safeguards built around data quality. This section covers the terms used to describe and measure that reliability.

Term Definition
Tag A named reference to a specific data point, such as a sensor reading or setpoint, used to identify and access that value within a control or OPC system.
Latency The delay between when data changes at its source and when that change is reflected to a client application.
Bandwidth The maximum rate at which data can be transmitted across a given network connection.
Redundancy The use of duplicate hardware, software, or communication paths to maintain system operation if a primary component fails.
Failover The automatic switch to a backup system or component when a primary one fails, intended to maintain continuous operation.
QoS (Quality of Service) A measure or guarantee of network performance characteristics, such as reliability, latency, and bandwidth, often configurable in OPC UA PubSub.
Data Archiving The process of moving historical process data into long-term storage for compliance, analysis, or capacity reasons.
CRC (Cyclical Redundancy Check) An error-detection method that verifies data wasn’t corrupted during transmission by comparing checksums.